Tubulin beta-3 chain
Also known as: TUBB3, TUBB4
Function
Tubulin is the major constituent of microtubules, protein filaments consisting of alpha- and beta-tubulin heterodimers. Microtubules grow by the addition of GTP-tubulin dimers to the microtubule end, where a stabilizing cap forms. Below the cap, alpha-beta tubulin heterodimers are in GDP-bound state, owing to GTPase activity of alpha-tubulin. TUBB3 plays a critical role in proper axon guidance and maintenance. Binding of NTN1/Netrin-1 to its receptor UNC5C might cause dissociation of UNC5C from polymerized TUBB3 in microtubules and thereby lead to increased microtubule dynamics and axon repulsion. Plays a role in dorsal root ganglion axon projection towards the spinal cord.
Classification
- Family (Pfam)
- PF00091 Tubulin, PF03953 Tubulin_C
- InterPro
- Beta-tubulin_BS, Beta_tubulin, Tub_FtsZ_C, Tubulin, Tubulin/FtsZ-like_C, Tubulin/FtsZ_2-layer-sand-dom, Tubulin/FtsZ_GTPase_sf, Tubulin_C, Tubulin_CS, Tubulin_FtsZ_GTPase
- Functional cluster
- Tubulins & Mitochondrial Metabolic Enzymes
Experimental structures · PDB · 22
- 5IJ0 EM 3.80A
- 5IJ9 EM 3.70A
- 5JCO EM 4.00A
- 6E7B EM 3.50A
- 6S8L X-ray 1.80A
- 6WSL EM 3.10A
- 7LXB EM 3.26A
- 7M18 EM 3.38A
- 7M20 EM 3.84A
- 7PJF X-ray 1.86A
- 7SJ7 EM 3.80A
- 7SJ8 EM 3.60A
- … and 10 more
A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.
Gene Ontology · 28
- GO:0030424 axon
- GO:0071944 cell periphery
- GO:0097542 ciliary tip
- GO:0005929 cilium
- GO:0005737 cytoplasm
- GO:0030425 dendrite
- GO:0070062 extracellular exosome
- GO:0030175 filopodium
- GO:0030426 growth cone
- GO:0045171 intercellular bridge
- GO:0030027 lamellipodium
- GO:0005874 microtubule
- GO:0015630 microtubule cytoskeleton
- GO:0072686 mitotic spindle
- GO:0043025 neuronal cell body
- GO:0005634 nucleus
- GO:0097229 sperm end piece
- GO:0097228 sperm principal piece
- GO:0005525 GTP binding
- GO:0003924 GTPase activity
- GO:0046872 metal ion binding
- GO:1990890 netrin receptor binding
- GO:0042277 peptide binding
- GO:0005200 structural constituent of cytoskeleton
- GO:0007411 axon guidance
- GO:1990791 dorsal root ganglion development
- GO:0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization
- GO:0000278 mitotic cell cycle
Disease associations
Drugs targeting this protein · 36
- COLCHICINE inhibitor
- ANG1005 inhibitor
- PLINABULIN inhibitor
- CABAZITAXEL inhibitor
- IXABEPILONE inhibitor
- ERIBULIN MESYLATE inhibitor
- ABT-751 inhibitor
- DAVUNETIDE stabiliser
- CROLIBULIN inhibitor
- VINFLUNINE DITARTRATE inhibitor
- FOSBRETABULIN TROMETHAMINE disrupting agent
- MILATAXEL inhibitor
- VINFLUNINE inhibitor
- TASIDOTIN inhibitor
- SAGOPILONE stabiliser
- FOSBRETABULIN DISODIUM inhibitor
- DOCETAXEL inhibitor
- VINBLASTINE SULFATE inhibitor
- DOLASTATIN-10 inhibitor
- SOBLIDOTIN inhibitor
- LAROTAXEL stabiliser
- PACLITAXEL inhibitor
- BMS-275183 stabiliser
- KOS-1584 stabiliser
- T-900607 disrupting agent
- PACLITAXEL DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID stabiliser
- PLOCABULIN inhibitor
- VERUBULIN disrupting agent
- INDIBULIN inhibitor
- VINCRISTINE SULFATE inhibitor
- VINORELBINE TARTRATE inhibitor
- LEXIBULIN inhibitor
- OMBRABULIN inhibitor
- DOCETAXEL ANHYDROUS stabiliser
- PATUPILONE stabiliser
- EPOTHILONE D stabiliser
Related proteins · sequence + function similarity
- Tubulin beta-3 chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta-3 chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta-3 chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta-3 chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta-4 chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta-6 chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta-2 chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta-6 chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta-1 chain 1.00
- Tubulin beta-2B chain 0.99
- Tubulin beta-2B chain 0.99
Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature
- Tubulin beta-3 chain 3 shared papers
- Microtubule-associated protein 2 1 shared papers
- Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 5 1 shared papers
- Tubulin alpha-1B chain 5 shared papers
- Tubulin beta-6 chain 3 shared papers
- Microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 3 1 shared papers
- Tubulin beta-3 chain 1 shared papers
- Netrin receptor UNC5C 1 shared papers
- Tubulin beta-1 chain 3 shared papers
- Tubulin beta-2A chain 3 shared papers
- Tubulin gamma-2 chain 1 shared papers
- Tubulin beta-4A chain 3 shared papers
Literature · 18 cited papers
- Structure of the gamma-tubulin ring complex-capped microtubule. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. · 2024
- Transition of human gamma-tubulin ring complex into a closed conformation during microtubule nucleation. Science · 2024
- Posttranslational modification of microtubules by the MATCAP detyrosinase. Science · 2022
- Structural transitions in the GTP cap visualized by cryo-electron microscopy of catalytically inactive microtubules. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. · 2022
- Missense variants in DPYSL5 cause a neurodevelopmental disorder with corpus callosum agenesis and cerebellar abnormalities. Am. J. Hum. Genet. · 2021
- Uncoupling of UNC5C with Polymerized TUBB3 in Microtubules Mediates Netrin-1 Repulsion. J. Neurosci. · 2017
- Graded control of microtubule severing by tubulin glutamylation. Cell · 2016
- The role of MATER in endoplasmic reticulum distribution and calcium homeostasis in mouse oocytes. Dev. Biol. · 2014
- Mutations in the neuronal ss-tubulin subunit TUBB3 result in malformation of cortical development and neuronal migration defects. Hum. Mol. Genet. · 2010
- Tumoral and tissue-specific expression of the major human beta-tubulin isotypes. Cytoskeleton · 2010
- Human TUBB3 mutations perturb microtubule dynamics, kinesin interactions, and axon guidance. Cell · 2010
- Evolutionary divergence of enzymatic mechanisms for posttranslational polyglycylation. Cell · 2009
- … and 6 more in the literature graph