lmmol · Proteins

Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3

UniProt P28472 Organism Homo sapiens Gene GABRB3

Also known as: GABRB3

Function

Beta subunit of the heteropentameric ligand-gated chloride channel gated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. GABA-gated chloride channels, also named GABA(A) receptors (GABAAR), consist of five subunits arranged around a central pore and contain GABA active binding site(s) located at the alpha and beta subunit interface(s). GABAARs containing beta-3/GABRB3 subunit are found at both synaptic and extrasynaptic sites (By similarity). When activated by GABA, GABAARs selectively allow the flow of chloride anions across the cell membrane down their electrochemical gradient. Chloride influx into the postsynaptic neuron following GABAAR opening decreases the neuron ability to generate a new action potential, thereby reducing nerve transmission. GABAARs containing alpha-1 and beta-3 subunits exhibit synaptogenic activity; the gamma-2 subunit being necessary but not sufficient to induce rapid synaptic contacts formation. Extrasynaptic beta-3 receptors contribute to the tonic GABAergic inhibition (By similarity). GABAARs containing alpha-1, beta-3 and epsilon subunits may also permit spontaneous chloride channel activity while preserving the structural information required for GABA-gated openings (By similarity). Beta-containing GABAARs can simultaneously bind GABA and histamine where histamine binds at the interface of two neighboring beta subunits, which may be involved in the regulation of sleep and wakefulness. Plays an important role in somatosensation and in the production of antinociception (By similarity).

Classification

Family (Pfam)
PF02931 Neur_chan_LBD, PF02932 Neur_chan_memb
InterPro
GABAA/Glycine_rcpt, GABAAb_rcpt, Neur_chan_lig-bd, Neur_chan_lig-bd_sf, Neur_channel, Neuro-gated_channel_TM_sf, Neuro_actylchol_rec, Neurotrans-gated_channel_TM, Neurotransmitter_ion_chnl_CS
Functional cluster
Mixed Regulatory & Membrane Proteins

Experimental structures · PDB · 87

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 26

Disease associations

Drugs targeting this protein · 69

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

Literature · 24 cited papers

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