Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2

Function

Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector interaction.

Classification

Family (Pfam)

PF00631 G-gamma

InterPro

G-protein_gamma, G-protein_gamma-like_dom, GGL_sf

Functional cluster

Small GTPases (Ras/Rab) & related

Experimental structures · PDB · 1012

• 4KFM X-ray 3.45A
• 5HE0 X-ray 2.56A
• 5HE1 X-ray 3.15A
• 5HE2 X-ray 2.79A
• 5HE3 X-ray 2.74A
• 5UKK X-ray 2.60A
• 5UKL X-ray 2.15A
• 5UKM X-ray 3.03A
• 5UZ7 EM 4.10A
• 6B3J EM 3.30A
• 6CRK X-ray 2.00A
• 6D9H EM 3.60A
• … and 1000 more

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 10

• GO:0070062 extracellular exosome
• GO:0005834 heterotrimeric G-protein complex
• GO:0016020 membrane
• GO:0005886 plasma membrane
• GO:0045202 synapse
• GO:0031681 G-protein beta-subunit binding
• GO:0007191 adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway
• GO:0071870 cellular response to catecholamine stimulus
• GO:0071380 cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus
• GO:0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway

Neighborhood · nearest proteins

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 1.00
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 1.00
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 0.96
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 0.96
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 0.96
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 0.93
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 0.93
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 0.93
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 0.93
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 0.93
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 0.93
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 0.92

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 31 shared papers
• Histamine H1 receptor 1 shared papers
• 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6 3 shared papers
• 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A 2 shared papers
• Parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor 2 shared papers
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 11 shared papers
• Growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 1 2 shared papers
• Trace amine-associated receptor 1 4 shared papers
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms short 9 shared papers
• Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 5 1 shared papers
• 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A 5 shared papers
• Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha 2 shared papers

Literature · 37 cited papers

• The structure and function of the ghrelin receptor coding for drug actions. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. · 2025
• A neurodevelopmental disorder mutation locks G proteins in the transitory pre-activated state. Nat. Commun. · 2024
• Bitter taste TAS2R14 activation by intracellular tastants and cholesterol. Nature · 2024
• Bitter taste receptor activation by cholesterol and an intracellular tastant. Nature · 2024
• Flexible scaffold-based cheminformatics approach for polypharmacological drug design. Cell · 2024
• Molecular basis of human trace amine-associated receptor 1 activation. Nat. Commun. · 2024
• Structural and signaling mechanisms of TAAR1 enabled preferential agonist design. Cell · 2023
• Recognition of methamphetamine and other amines by trace amine receptor TAAR1. Nature · 2023
• Ligand recognition and G-protein coupling of trace amine receptor TAAR1. Nature · 2023
• Structural insight into the selective agonist ST1936 binding of serotonin receptor 5-HT6. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. · 2023
• Structural insights into constitutive activity of 5-HT6 receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. · 2023
• Bespoke library docking for 5-HT2A receptor agonists with antidepressant activity. Nature · 2022
• … and 25 more in the literature graph