lmmol · Proteins

Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial

UniProt P19099 Organism Homo sapiens Gene CYP11B2 EC 1.14.15.5, 1.14.15.4

Also known as: CYP11B2

Function

A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the biosynthesis of aldosterone, the main mineralocorticoid in the human body responsible for salt and water homeostasis, thus involved in blood pressure regulation, arterial hypertension, and the development of heart failure. Catalyzes three sequential oxidative reactions of 11-deoxycorticosterone (21-hydroxyprogesterone), namely 11-beta hydroxylation, followed by two successive oxidations at C18 yielding 18-hydroxy and then 18-oxo intermediates (that would not leave the enzyme active site during the consecutive hydroxylation reactions), ending with the formation of aldosterone. Can also produce 18-hydroxycortisol and 18-oxocortisol, derived from successive oxidations of cortisol at C18, normally found at very low levels, but significantly increased in primary aldosteronism, the most common form of secondary hypertension. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate and reducing the second into a water molecule. Two electrons are provided by NADPH via a two-protein mitochondrial transfer system comprising flavoprotein FDXR (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin reductase) and nonheme iron-sulfur protein FDX1 or FDX2 (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin). Besides its role in the biosynthesis of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids, it can also participate in the androgen metabolic pathway, converting testosterone (17beta-hydroxy-4-androsten-3-one) to 11beta,17beta-dihydroxyandrost-4-ene-3-one. Can also use progesterone as substrate.

Classification

Family (Pfam)
PF00067 p450
InterPro
CYP11_CYP27_families, Cyt_P450, Cyt_P450_CS, Cyt_P450_mitochondrial, Cyt_P450_sf
Functional cluster
Membrane Channels & Lipid-Anchored Proteins

Experimental structures · PDB · 7

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 22

Disease associations

Drugs targeting this protein · 1

Neighborhood · nearest proteins

CYP11B2CYP11B1CYP11B1CYP11B1SRD5A2SRD5A1HSD11B2
Nearest neighbours of Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial: 3 by sequence/function similarity (left); 3 co-cited in the literature (right).

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

Literature · 26 cited papers

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