Sterol O-acyltransferase 1

Function

Catalyzes the formation of fatty acid-cholesterol esters, which are less soluble in membranes than cholesterol. Plays a role in lipoprotein assembly and dietary cholesterol absorption. Preferentially utilizes oleoyl-CoA ((9Z)-octadecenoyl-CoA) as a substrate: shows a higher activity towards an acyl-CoA substrate with a double bond at the delta-9 position (9Z) than towards saturated acyl-CoA or an unsaturated acyl-CoA with a double bond at the delta-7 (7Z) or delta-11 (11Z) positions.

Classification

Family (Pfam)

PF03062 MBOAT

InterPro

MBOAT_fam, Oat_ACAT_DAG_ARE, Sterol_acyltranf_meta

Functional cluster

Membrane Channels & Lipid-Anchored Proteins

Experimental structures · PDB · 5

• 6L47 EM 3.50A
• 6L48 EM 3.50A
• 6P2J EM 3.00A
• 6P2P EM 3.10A
• 6VUM EM 3.67A

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 16

• GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum
• GO:0005789 endoplasmic reticulum membrane
• GO:0016020 membrane
• GO:0015485 cholesterol binding
• GO:0034736 cholesterol O-acyltransferase activity
• GO:0000062 fatty-acyl-CoA binding
• GO:0042802 identical protein binding
• GO:0004772 sterol O-acyltransferase activity
• GO:0033344 cholesterol efflux
• GO:0042632 cholesterol homeostasis
• GO:0008203 cholesterol metabolic process
• GO:0010878 cholesterol storage
• GO:0034383 low-density lipoprotein particle clearance
• GO:0010742 macrophage derived foam cell differentiation
• GO:0042986 positive regulation of amyloid precursor protein biosynthetic process
• GO:0034379 very-low-density lipoprotein particle assembly

Drugs targeting this protein · 3

• BENFLUOREX inhibitor
• NEVANIMIBE inhibitor
• PACTIMIBE inhibitor

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

• Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 1.00
• Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 1.00
• Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 0.98
• Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 0.98
• Sterol O-acyltransferase 1 0.97
• Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 0.79
• Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 0.76
• Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1B 0.75
• Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1A 0.75
• Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 0.74
• Probable sterol O-acyltransferase 2 0.74
• Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1 0.73

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

• Sterol O-acyltransferase 2 2 shared papers
• Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase 1 shared papers
• UbiA prenyltransferase domain-containing protein 1 1 shared papers
• 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 1 shared papers

Literature · 16 cited papers

• Cholesterol 25-Hydroxylase inhibits SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses by depleting membrane cholesterol. EMBO J. · 2020
• Structural basis for catalysis and substrate specificity of human ACAT1. Nature · 2020
• Structure of nevanimibe-bound tetrameric human ACAT1. Nature · 2020
• Toward a comprehensive characterization of a human cancer cell phosphoproteome. J. Proteome Res. · 2013
• The UBIAD1 prenyltransferase links menaquione-4 synthesis to cholesterol metabolic enzymes. Hum. Mutat. · 2013
• N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal acetyltransferase NatB. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. · 2012
• Identification of putative active site residues of ACAT enzymes. J. Lipid Res. · 2008
• The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1. Nature · 2006
• A critical role for the histidine residues in the catalytic function of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase catalysis: evidence for catalytic difference between ACAT1 and ACAT2. FEBS Lett. · 2006
• The active site His-460 of human acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 resides in a hitherto undisclosed transmembrane domain. J. Biol. Chem. · 2005
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. · 2004
• Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat. Genet. · 2004
• … and 4 more in the literature graph