Rhodopsin

UniProt P08100 Organism Homo sapiens Gene OPN2, RHO

Also known as: OPN2, RHO

Function

G protein-coupled photoreceptor that activates the G protein transducin (t) signaling pathway in response to light and is essential for image-forming vision under low-light conditions. Required for postnatal photoreceptor cell viability. Activation occurs when the covalently bound 11-cis-retinal chromophore absorbs a photon and isomerizes to all-trans-retinal, inducing a conformational change in the opsin that triggers G protein-mediated phototransduction (Probable). Signal termination occurs via receptor phosphorylation, which promotes binding of arrestin (SAG) and displacement of the G protein alpha subunit (Probable).

Classification

Family (Pfam): PF00001 7tm_1, PF10413 Rhodopsin_N
InterPro: GPCR_opsins, GPCR_Rhodpsn, GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM, Opsin, Retinal_BS, Rhodopsin, Rhodopsin_N
Functional cluster: Membrane Transporters & GPCRs

Experimental structures · PDB · 4

4ZWJ X-ray 3.30A
5DGY X-ray 7.70A
5W0P X-ray 3.01A
6CMO EM 4.50A

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 26

Disease associations

congenital stationary night blindness autosomal dominant 1 MONDO:0012498
retinitis pigmentosa 4 MONDO:0013395

Neighborhood · nearest proteins

Nearest neighbours of Rhodopsin: 3 by sequence/function similarity (left); 3 co-cited in the literature (right).

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

ER degradation-enhancing alpha-mannosidase-like protein 1 1 shared papers
S-arrestin 2 shared papers
S-arrestin 2 shared papers
Photoreceptor cilium actin regulator 1 shared papers
Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 38 1 shared papers
Protein arginine methyltransferase NDUFAF7, mitochondrial 1 shared papers
Long-wave-sensitive opsin 1 1 shared papers
Medium-wave-sensitive opsin 1 1 shared papers
Short-wave-sensitive opsin 1 1 shared papers
Rhodopsin 1 shared papers
Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta 1 shared papers
Peripherin-2 1 shared papers

Literature · 46 cited papers

A novel potentially causative variant of NDUFAF7 revealed by mutation screening in a chinese family with pathologic myopia. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. · 2017
Identification of Phosphorylation Codes for Arrestin Recruitment by G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Cell · 2017
Molecular assembly of rhodopsin with G protein-coupled receptor kinases. Cell Res. · 2017
Crystal structure of rhodopsin bound to arrestin by femtosecond X-ray laser. Nature · 2015
Ultrastructural visualization of trans-ciliary rhodopsin cargoes in mammalian rods. Cilia · 2015
Next-generation genetic testing for retinitis pigmentosa. Hum. Mutat. · 2012
A homozygous p.Glu150Lys mutation in the opsin gene of two Pakistani families with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa. Mol. Vis. · 2009
A dual role for EDEM1 in the processing of rod opsin. J. Cell Sci. · 2009
The full-ORF clone resource of the German cDNA consortium. BMC Genomics · 2007
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. · 2004
The spectrum of human rhodopsin disease mutations through the lens of interspecific variation. Gene · 2004
Pharmacological chaperone-mediated in vivo folding and stabilization of the P23H-opsin mutant associated with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa. J. Biol. Chem. · 2003
… and 34 more in the literature graph

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