Rhodopsin

UniProt P02699 Organism Bos taurus Gene RHO

Also known as: RHO

Function

G protein-coupled photoreceptor that activates the G protein transducin (t) signaling pathway in response to light and is essential for image-forming vision under low-light conditions. Required for postnatal photoreceptor cell viability (By similarity). Activation occurs when the covalently bound 11-cis-retinal chromophore absorbs a photon and isomerizes to all-trans-retinal, inducing a conformational change in the opsin that triggers G protein-mediated phototransduction (Probable). Signal termination occurs via receptor phosphorylation, which promotes binding of arrestin (SAG) and displacement of the G protein alpha subunit (Probable).

Classification

Family (Pfam): PF00001 7tm_1, PF10413 Rhodopsin_N
InterPro: GPCR_opsins, GPCR_Rhodpsn, GPCR_Rhodpsn_7TM, Opsin, Retinal_BS, Rhodopsin, Rhodopsin_N
Functional cluster: Membrane Transporters & GPCRs

Experimental structures · PDB · 75

1EDS NMR
1EDV NMR
1EDW NMR
1EDX NMR
1F88 X-ray 2.80A
1FDF NMR
1GZM X-ray 2.65A
1HZX X-ray 2.80A
1JFP NMR
1L9H X-ray 2.60A
1LN6 NMR
1NZS NMR
… and 63 more

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 29

Neighborhood · nearest proteins

Nearest neighbours of Rhodopsin: 3 by sequence/function similarity (left); 3 co-cited in the literature (right).

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(t) subunit alpha-1 6 shared papers
S-arrestin 1 shared papers
Bacteriorhodopsin 1 shared papers
Photoreceptor disk component PRCD 1 shared papers
S-arrestin 1 shared papers
Rhodopsin kinase GRK1 1 shared papers
Recoverin 1 shared papers
Rhodopsin 1 shared papers
Photoreceptor disk component PRCD 1 shared papers
S-arrestin 1 shared papers
Rhodopsin 1 shared papers
ADP-ribosylation factor 4 1 shared papers

Literature · 45 cited papers

Structures of the Rhodopsin-Transducin Complex: Insights into G-Protein Activation. Mol. Cell · 2019
Isolation and structure-function characterization of a signaling-active rhodopsin-G protein complex. J. Biol. Chem. · 2017
Progressive Rod-Cone Degeneration (PRCD) Protein Requires N-Terminal S-Acylation and Rhodopsin Binding for Photoreceptor Outer Segment Localization and Maintaining Intracellular Stability. Biochemistry · 2016
Structural role of the T94I rhodopsin mutation in congenital stationary night blindness. EMBO Rep. · 2016
The High-Resolution Structure of Activated Opsin Reveals a Conserved Solvent Network in the Transmembrane Region Essential for Activation. Structure · 2015
Crystal structure of rhodopsin bound to arrestin by femtosecond X-ray laser. Nature · 2015
The Arf and Rab11 effector FIP3 acts synergistically with ASAP1 to direct Rabin8 in ciliary receptor targeting. J. Cell Sci. · 2015
Crystal structure of a common GPCR-binding interface for G protein and arrestin. Nat. Commun. · 2014
Insights into congenital stationary night blindness based on the structure of G90D rhodopsin. EMBO Rep. · 2013
Asymmetry of the rhodopsin dimer in complex with transducin. FASEB J. · 2013
Stabilized G protein binding site in the structure of constitutively active metarhodopsin-II. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. · 2012
The structural basis of agonist-induced activation in constitutively active rhodopsin. Nature · 2011
… and 33 more in the literature graph

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