Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9
Also known as: CHRNA9, NACHRA9
Function
Component of neuronal acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) that function as pentameric, ligand-gated cation channels with high calcium permeability among other activities. nAChRs are excitatory neurotrasnmitter receptors formed by a collection of nAChR subunits known to mediate synaptic transmission in the nervous system and the neuromuscular junction. Each nAchR subunit confers differential attributes to channel properties, including activation, deactivation and desensitization kinetics, pH sensitivity, cation permeability, and binding to allosteric modulators. Forms either homopentamers or heteropentamers with CHRNA10. Expressed in the inner ear, in sympathetic neurons and in other non-neuronal cells, such as skin keratinocytes and lymphocytes. nAChR formed by CHRNA9:CHRNA10 mediate central nervous system control of auditory and vestibular sensory processing. The channel is permeable to a range of divalent cations including calcium, the influx of which may activate a potassium current which hyperpolarizes the cell membrane. In the ear, mediates synaptic transmission between efferent olivocochlear fibers and hair cells of the cochlea, this may lead to a reduction in basilar membrane motion, altering the activity of auditory nerve fibers and reducing the range of dynamic hearing. This may protect against acoustic trauma (By similarity). May also regulate keratinocyte adhesion.
Classification
- Family (Pfam)
- PF02931 Neur_chan_LBD, PF02932 Neur_chan_memb
- InterPro
- Neur_chan_lig-bd, Neur_chan_lig-bd_sf, Neur_channel, Neuro-gated_channel_TM_sf, Neuro_actylchol_rec, Neurotrans-gated_channel_TM, Neurotransmitter_ion_chnl_CS, Nicotinic_acetylcholine_rcpt
- Functional cluster
- Ribosome-Recycling & Clp Protease Factors
Experimental structures · PDB · 4
A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.
Gene Ontology · 20
- GO:0005892 acetylcholine-gated channel complex
- GO:0098981 cholinergic synapse
- GO:0043005 neuron projection
- GO:0005886 plasma membrane
- GO:0099634 postsynaptic specialization membrane
- GO:0045202 synapse
- GO:1902495 transmembrane transporter complex
- GO:0022848 acetylcholine-gated monoatomic cation-selective channel activity
- GO:0005262 calcium channel activity
- GO:0005231 excitatory extracellular ligand-gated monoatomic ion channel activity
- GO:0022850 serotonin-gated monoatomic cation channel activity
- GO:1904315 transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential
- GO:0095500 acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway
- GO:0007268 chemical synaptic transmission
- GO:0051899 membrane depolarization
- GO:0034220 monoatomic ion transmembrane transport
- GO:0070373 negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade
- GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration
- GO:0042391 regulation of membrane potential
- GO:0010996 response to auditory stimulus
Drugs targeting this protein · 1
- NERAMEXANE MESYLATE antagonist
Related proteins · sequence + function similarity
- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9 0.99
- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9 0.96
- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9-II 0.92
- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4 0.91
- Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta 0.90
- Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta 0.90
- Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta 0.89
- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 0.89
- Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta 0.89
- Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta 0.89
- Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta 0.89
- Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta 0.88
Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature
- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10 3 shared papers
- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 1 shared papers
- Alpha-conotoxin RgIA 1 shared papers
- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9 1 shared papers
- Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 1 shared papers
Literature · 9 cited papers
- Crystal structures of free and antagonist-bound states of human alpha9 nicotinic receptor extracellular domain. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. · 2014
- Molecular basis for the differential sensitivity of rat and human alpha9alpha10 nAChRs to alpha-conotoxin RgIA. J. Neurochem. · 2012
- Diversity of vertebrate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Neuropharmacology · 2009
- Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4. Nature · 2005
- Characterization of the human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha (alpha) 9 (CHRNA9) and alpha (alpha) 10 (CHRNA10) in lymphocytes. Life Sci. · 2004
- The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. · 2004
- Chromosome location and characterization of the human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha (alpha) 9 (CHRNA9) gene. Cytogenet. Genome Res. · 2002
- A novel human nicotinic receptor subunit, alpha10, that confers functionality to the alpha9-subunit. Mol. Pharmacol. · 2002
- Novel human alpha9 acetylcholine receptor regulating keratinocyte adhesion is targeted by Pemphigus vulgaris autoimmunity. Am. J. Pathol. · 2000