lmmol · Proteins

Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT1

UniProt Q9H9B1 Organism Homo sapiens Gene EHMT1, EUHMTASE1, GLP, KIAA1876, KMT1D EC 2.1.1.-, 2.1.1.367

Also known as: EHMT1, EUHMTASE1, GLP, KIAA1876, KMT1D

Function

Histone methyltransferase that specifically mono-, di- and trimethylates 'Lys-9' of histone H3 (H3K9me1, H3K9me2 and H3K9me3, respectively) in euchromatin. H3K9me represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression by recruiting HP1 proteins to methylated histones. Also weakly methylates 'Lys-27' of histone H3 (H3K27me). Also required for DNA methylation, the histone methyltransferase activity is not required for DNA methylation, suggesting that these 2 activities function independently (By similarity). Probably targeted to histone H3 by different DNA-binding proteins like E2F6, MGA, MAX and/or DP1. During G0 phase, it probably contributes to silencing of MYC- and E2F-responsive genes, suggesting a role in G0/G1 transition in cell cycle. Involved in the differentiation of myoblastic precursors into brown adipose cells: following recruitment to chromatin by PRDM16, mediates formation of H3K9me2 and H3K9me3, inhibiting the expression of white adipose-selective genes (By similarity). Also involved in the differentiation of beige adipocytes from white adipose cells following recruitment by PRDM16 (By similarity). EHMT1 also promotes protein stabilization of PRDM16, by preventing PRDM16 ubiquitination and degradation (By similarity). In addition to the histone methyltransferase activity, also methylates non-histone proteins: mediates dimethylation of 'Lys-373' of p53/TP53. Represses the expression of mitochondrial function-related genes, perhaps by occupying their promoter regions, working in concert with probable chromatin reader BAZ2B (By similarity).

Classification

Family (Pfam)
PF12796 Ank_2, PF13637 Ank_4, PF21533 EHMT1-2_CRR, PF05033 Pre-SET, PF00856 SET
InterPro
Ankyrin_rpt, Ankyrin_rpt-contain_sf, EHMT1/EHMT2, EHMT_CRR, Pre-SET_dom, SET_dom, SET_dom_sf, SET_EHMT1
Functional cluster
Homeobox & Zinc-Finger Transcription Factors

Experimental structures · PDB · 22

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 32

Disease associations

Neighborhood · nearest proteins

EHMT1Ehmt1Bat8BAT8SETD6KMT8Wiz
Nearest neighbours of Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase EHMT1: 3 by sequence/function similarity (left); 3 co-cited in the literature (right).

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

Literature · 30 cited papers

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