Protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase porcupine

Function

Protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase that acts as a key regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating the attachment of palmitoleate, a 16-carbon monounsaturated fatty acid (C16:1(9Z)), to Wnt proteins. Serine palmitoleoylation of WNT proteins is required for efficient binding to frizzled receptors.

Classification

Family (Pfam)

PF03062 MBOAT

InterPro

LPLAT_7/PORCN-like, MBOAT_fam

Functional cluster

Membrane Channels & Lipid-Anchored Proteins

Experimental structures · PDB · 7

• 7URA EM 3.11A
• 7URC EM 3.14A
• 7URD EM 2.92A
• 7URE EM 3.19A
• 9OO6 EM 2.39A
• 9OO7 EM 2.61A
• 9OO8 EM 3.32A

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 13

• GO:0032281 AMPA glutamate receptor complex
• GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum
• GO:0005789 endoplasmic reticulum membrane
• GO:0098978 glutamatergic synapse
• GO:0016020 membrane
• GO:1990698 palmitoleoyltransferase activity
• GO:0017147 Wnt-protein binding
• GO:0030258 lipid modification
• GO:0006497 protein lipidation
• GO:0045234 protein palmitoleylation
• GO:0099072 regulation of postsynaptic membrane neurotransmitter receptor levels
• GO:0061355 Wnt protein secretion
• GO:0016055 Wnt signaling pathway

Disease associations

• focal dermal hypoplasia MONDO:0010592

Drugs targeting this protein · 1

• WNT-974 inhibitor

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

• Protein-serine O-palmitoleoyltransferase porcupine 1.00
• Protein-cysteine N-palmitoyltransferase HHAT 0.89
• Protein-cysteine N-palmitoyltransferase HHAT 0.87
• Membrane-bound acylglycerophosphatidylinositol O-acyltransferase MBOAT7 0.85
• Membrane-bound ghrelin O-acyltransferase MBOAT4 0.84
• Membrane-bound ghrelin O-acyltransferase MBOAT4 0.83
• Membrane-bound acylglycerophosphatidylinositol O-acyltransferase MBOAT7 0.83
• Membrane-bound ghrelin O-acyltransferase MBOAT4 0.82
• Membrane-bound acylglycerophosphatidylinositol O-acyltransferase MBOAT7 0.82
• Protein-cysteine N-palmitoyltransferase HHAT-like protein 0.82
• Protein-cysteine N-palmitoyltransferase HHAT-like protein 0.78
• Membrane-bound acylglycerophosphatidylinositol O-acyltransferase mboat7 0.71

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

• Protein Wnt-3a 2 shared papers

Literature · 14 cited papers

• Single-cell imaging of Wnt palmitoylation by the acyltransferase porcupine. Nat. Chem. Biol. · 2014
• Mutation update for the PORCN gene. Hum. Mutat. · 2011
• WLS-dependent secretion of WNT3A requires Ser209 acylation and vacuolar acidification. J. Cell Sci. · 2010
• Novel PORCN mutations in focal dermal hypoplasia. Clin. Genet. · 2009
• Phenotype and genotype in 17 patients with Goltz-Gorlin syndrome. J. Med. Genet. · 2009
• PORCN mutations in focal dermal hypoplasia: coping with lethality. Hum. Mutat. · 2009
• Goltz-Gorlin (focal dermal hypoplasia) and the microphthalmia with linear skin defects (MLS) syndrome: no evidence of genetic overlap. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. · 2009
• Three novel mutations in the PORCN gene underlying focal dermal hypoplasia. Clin. Genet. · 2008
• Deficiency of PORCN, a regulator of Wnt signaling, is associated with focal dermal hypoplasia. Nat. Genet. · 2007
• Mutations in X-linked PORCN, a putative regulator of Wnt signaling, cause focal dermal hypoplasia. Nat. Genet. · 2007
• The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome. Nature · 2005
• The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. · 2004
• … and 2 more in the literature graph