lmmol · Proteins

P2X purinoceptor 7

UniProt Q99572 Organism Homo sapiens Gene P2RX7

Also known as: P2RX7

Function

ATP-gated nonselective transmembrane cation channel that requires high millimolar concentrations of ATP for activation. Upon ATP binding, it rapidly opens to allow the influx of small cations Na(+) and Ca(2+), and the K(+) efflux. Also has the ability to form a large pore in the cell membrane, allowing the passage of large cationic molecules. In microglia, may mediate NADPH transport across the plasma membrane. In immune cells, P2RX7 acts as a molecular sensor in pathological inflammatory states by detecting and responding to high local concentrations of extracellar ATP. In microglial cells, P2RX7 activation leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1beta and IL-18, through the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1. Cooperates with KCNK6 to activate NLRP3 inflammasome (By similarity). Activates death pathways leading to apoptosis and autophagy. Activates death pathways leading to pyroptosis (By similarity).

Classification

Family (Pfam)
PF20478 P2RX7_C, PF00864 P2X_receptor
InterPro
P2RX7_C, P2X7_purinoceptor, P2X_extracellular_dom_sf, P2X_purnocptor, P2X_receptor, P2X_RECEPTOR_CS
Functional cluster
Membrane Channels & Lipid-Anchored Proteins

Experimental structures · PDB · 4

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 47

Drugs targeting this protein · 4

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

Literature · 26 cited papers

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