lmmol · Proteins

Cytosolic phospholipase A2

UniProt P47712 Organism Homo sapiens Gene CPLA2, PLA2G4, PLA2G4A EC 3.1.1.4, 3.1.1.5

Also known as: CPLA2, PLA2G4, PLA2G4A

Function

Has primarily calcium-dependent phospholipase and lysophospholipase activities, with a major role in membrane lipid remodeling and biosynthesis of lipid mediators of the inflammatory response. Plays an important role in embryo implantation and parturition through its ability to trigger prostanoid production (By similarity). Preferentially hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A2 activity). Selectively hydrolyzes sn-2 arachidonoyl group from membrane phospholipids, providing the precursor for eicosanoid biosynthesis via the cyclooxygenase pathway. In an alternative pathway of eicosanoid biosynthesis, hydrolyzes sn-2 fatty acyl chain of eicosanoid lysophopholipids to release free bioactive eicosanoids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-1 position of phospholipids (phospholipase A1 activity) only if an ether linkage rather than an ester linkage is present at the sn-2 position. This hydrolysis is not stereospecific. Has calcium-independent phospholipase A2 and lysophospholipase activities in the presence of phosphoinositides. Has O-acyltransferase activity. Catalyzes the transfer of fatty acyl chains from phospholipids to a primary hydroxyl group of glycerol (sn-1 or sn-3), potentially contributing to monoacylglycerol synthesis.

Classification

Family (Pfam)
PF00168 C2, PF01735 PLA2_B
InterPro
Acyl_Trfase/lysoPLipase, C2_cPLA2, C2_dom, C2_domain_sf, LysoPLipase_cat_dom
Functional cluster
Nucleotide & Amino-Acid Biosynthesis Enzymes

Experimental structures · PDB · 3

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 33

Disease associations

Drugs targeting this protein · 1

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

Literature · 35 cited papers

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