lmmol · Proteins

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1

UniProt P22626 Organism Homo sapiens Gene HNRNPA2B1, HNRPA2B1

Also known as: HNRNPA2B1, HNRPA2B1

Function

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) that associates with nascent pre-mRNAs, packaging them into hnRNP particles. The hnRNP particle arrangement on nascent hnRNA is non-random and sequence-dependent and serves to condense and stabilize the transcripts and minimize tangling and knotting. Packaging plays a role in various processes such as transcription, pre-mRNA processing, RNA nuclear export, subcellular location, mRNA translation and stability of mature mRNAs. Forms hnRNP particles with at least 20 other different hnRNP and heterogeneous nuclear RNA in the nucleus. Involved in transport of specific mRNAs to the cytoplasm in oligodendrocytes and neurons: acts by specifically recognizing and binding the A2RE (21 nucleotide hnRNP A2 response element) or the A2RE11 (derivative 11 nucleotide oligonucleotide) sequence motifs present on some mRNAs, and promotes their transport to the cytoplasm. Specifically binds single-stranded telomeric DNA sequences, protecting telomeric DNA repeat against endonuclease digestion (By similarity). Also binds other RNA molecules, such as primary miRNA (pri-miRNAs): acts as a nuclear 'reader' of the N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mark by specifically recognizing and binding a subset of nuclear m6A-containing pri-miRNAs. Binding to m6A-containing pri-miRNAs promotes pri-miRNA processing by enhancing binding of DGCR8 to pri-miRNA transcripts. Involved in miRNA sorting into exosomes following sumoylation, possibly by binding (m6A)-containing pre-miRNAs. Acts as a regulator of efficiency of mRNA splicing, possibly by binding to m6A-containing pre-mRNAs. Plays a role in the splicing of pyruvate kinase PKM by binding repressively to sequences flanking PKM exon 9, inhibiting exon 9 inclusion and resulting in exon 10 inclusion and production of the PKM M2 isoform. Also plays a role in the activation of the innate immune response. Mechanistically, senses the presence of viral DNA in the nucleus, homodimerizes and is demethylated by JMJD6. In turn, translocates to the cytoplasm where it activates the TBK1-IRF3 pathway, leading to interferon alpha/beta production.

Classification

Family (Pfam)
PF11627 HnRNPA1_LC, PF00076 RRM_1
InterPro
HnRNPA1/A2_C, hnRNPA2B1_RRM1, Nucleotide-bd_a/b_plait_sf, RBD_domain_sf, RRM_dom
Functional cluster
RNA-Binding & Splicing Proteins

Experimental structures · PDB · 13

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 29

Disease associations

Neighborhood · nearest proteins

HNRNPA2B1HnrnpHNRNPA2B1HNRNPA2B1HNRNPA1HNRNPCCKAP5
Nearest neighbours of Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1: 3 by sequence/function similarity (left); 3 co-cited in the literature (right).

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

Literature · 51 cited papers

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