Thioredoxin

UniProt P10599 Organism Homo sapiens Gene TRDX, TRX, TRX1, TXN

Also known as: TRDX, TRX, TRX1, TXN

Function

Participates in various redox reactions through the reversible oxidation of its active center dithiol to a disulfide and catalyzes dithiol-disulfide exchange reactions. Plays a role in the reversible S-nitrosylation of cysteine residues in target proteins, and thereby contributes to the response to intracellular nitric oxide. Nitrosylates the active site Cys of CASP3 in response to nitric oxide (NO), and thereby inhibits caspase-3 activity. Induces the FOS/JUN AP-1 DNA-binding activity in ionizing radiation (IR) cells through its oxidation/reduction status and stimulates AP-1 transcriptional activity.

Classification

Family (Pfam): PF00085 Thioredoxin
InterPro: Thioredoxin, Thioredoxin-like_sf, Thioredoxin_CS, Thioredoxin_domain
Functional cluster: Adenylate Kinases & Peroxiredoxins

Experimental structures · PDB · 37

1AIU X-ray 2.00A
1AUC X-ray 2.10A
1CQG NMR
1CQH NMR
1ERT X-ray 1.70A
1ERU X-ray 2.10A
1ERV X-ray 1.65A
1ERW X-ray 1.80A
1M7T NMR
1MDI NMR
1MDJ NMR
1MDK NMR
… and 25 more

A predicted model is available from AlphaFold.

Gene Ontology · 18

Drugs targeting this protein · 1

PX-12 inhibitor

Related proteins · sequence + function similarity

Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature

Thioredoxin 1 shared papers
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SlrP 1 shared papers
Thioredoxin 1 shared papers
Thioredoxin Asp f 28 2 shared papers
Thioredoxin 2 shared papers
DNA repair nuclease/redox regulator APEX1 2 shared papers
Thioredoxin Asp f 29 2 shared papers

Literature · 31 cited papers

N-terminome analysis of the human mitochondrial proteome. Proteomics · 2015
An enzyme assisted RP-RPLC approach for in-depth analysis of human liver phosphoproteome. J. Proteomics · 2014
Malassezia sympodialis thioredoxin-specific T cells are highly cross-reactive to human thioredoxin in atopic dermatitis. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. · 2011
Initial characterization of the human central proteome. BMC Syst. Biol. · 2011
Salmonella type III secretion effector SlrP is an E3 ubiquitin ligase for mammalian thioredoxin. J. Biol. Chem. · 2009
Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions. Science · 2009
Auto- and cross-reactivity to thioredoxin allergens in allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Allergy · 2008
Thioredoxin is required for S-nitrosation of procaspase-3 and the inhibition of apoptosis in Jurkat cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. · 2007
Buried S-nitrosocysteine revealed in crystal structures of human thioredoxin. Biochemistry · 2007
Cross-reactivity and 1.4-A crystal structure of Malassezia sympodialis thioredoxin (Mala s 13), a member of a new pan-allergen family. J. Immunol. · 2007
Thioredoxin catalyzes the S-nitrosation of the caspase-3 active site cysteine. Nat. Chem. Biol. · 2005
The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC). Genome Res. · 2004
… and 19 more in the literature graph

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