Cytochrome P450 26A1
Also known as: CYP26, CYP26A1, P450RAI1
Function
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase involved in the metabolism of retinoates (RAs), the active metabolites of vitamin A, and critical signaling molecules in animals. RAs exist as at least four different isomers: all-trans-RA (atRA), 9-cis-RA, 13-cis-RA, and 9,13-dicis-RA, where atRA is considered to be the biologically active isomer, although 9-cis-RA and 13-cis-RA also have activity (Probable). Catalyzes the hydroxylation of atRA primarily at C-4 and C-18, thereby contributing to the regulation of atRA homeostasis and signaling. Hydroxylation of atRA limits its biological activity and initiates a degradative process leading to its eventual elimination (Probable). Involved in the convertion of atRA to all-trans-4-oxo-RA. Able to metabolize other RAs such as 9-cis, 13-cis and 9,13-di-cis RA (By similarity). Can oxidize all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinoate (DRA) to metabolites which could include all-trans-4-oxo-DRA, all-trans-4-hydroxy-DRA, all-trans-5,8-epoxy-DRA, and all-trans-18-hydroxy-DRA (By similarity). May play a role in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics such as tazarotenic acid.
Classification
- Family (Pfam)
- PF00067 p450
- InterPro
- Cyt_P450, Cyt_P450_CS, Cyt_P450_E_grp-IV, Cyt_P450_sf
- Functional cluster
- Plant Cytochrome P450 & Terpene Synthases
Gene Ontology · 19
- GO:0005789 endoplasmic reticulum membrane
- GO:0062183 all-trans retinoic acid 18-hydroxylase activity
- GO:0062182 all-trans retinoic acid 4-hydrolase activity
- GO:0020037 heme binding
- GO:0005506 iron ion binding
- GO:0004497 monooxygenase activity
- GO:0016709 oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, NAD(P)H as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen
- GO:0019825 oxygen binding
- GO:0008401 retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase activity
- GO:0001972 retinoic acid binding
- GO:0007417 central nervous system development
- GO:0001822 kidney development
- GO:0048387 negative regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway
- GO:0032526 response to retinoic acid
- GO:0033189 response to vitamin A
- GO:0034653 retinoic acid catabolic process
- GO:0042573 retinoic acid metabolic process
- GO:0006766 vitamin metabolic process
- GO:0006805 xenobiotic metabolic process
Drugs targeting this protein · 1
- TALAROZOLE inhibitor
Related proteins · sequence + function similarity
- Cytochrome P450 26A1 0.99
- Cytochrome P450 26A1 0.98
- Cytochrome P450 26A1 0.98
- Cytochrome P450 26B1 0.94
- Cytochrome P450 26B1 0.93
- Cytochrome P450 26A1 0.93
- Cytochrome P450 26B1 0.92
- Cytochrome P450 26B1 0.91
- Cytochrome P450 26B1 0.91
- Cytochrome P450 26B1 0.90
- Beta-amyrin 11-oxidase 0.89
- Ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase 1 0.88
Co-cited proteins · studied together in the literature
- Cytochrome P450 26B1 2 shared papers
Literature · 7 cited papers
- Identification of tazarotenic acid as the first xenobiotic substrate of human retinoic acid hydroxylase CYP26A1 and CYP26B1. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. · 2016
- Comparison of the function and expression of CYP26A1 and CYP26B1, the two retinoic acid hydroxylases. Biochem. Pharmacol. · 2012
- The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 10. Nature · 2004
- Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs. Nat. Genet. · 2004
- Expression of cytochrome P450RAI (CYP26) in human fetal hepatic and cephalic tissues. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. · 1998
- Human retinoic acid (RA) 4-hydroxylase (CYP26) is highly specific for all-trans-RA and can be induced through RA receptors in human breast and colon carcinoma cells. Cell Growth Differ. · 1998
- cDNA cloning of human retinoic acid-metabolizing enzyme (hP450RAI) identifies a novel family of cytochromes P450. J. Biol. Chem. · 1997